Jupiter and Saturn are about to appear closer in the sky than they have for 800 years, aligning as a 'double planet'

 Aylin Woodward

·4 min read
telescope sky neowise
A man with a telescope watches the night sky over the San Gabriel Mountains National Monument in Los Angeles on July 19. David McNew/Getty
  • Jupiter and Saturn will align in the night sky on December 21. It'll be the closest they've appeared in 800 years.

  • The two planets move into alignment, or conjunction, every 20 years. But this year they will be so close that they'll look like a "double planet."

  • The last time Saturn and Jupiter were both this close and visible was in 1226.

  • Here are the best ways to see this conjunction.

  • Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.

Jupiter and Saturn are about to line up perfectly in the night sky, getting so close on December 21 that they'll seem to touch.

The last time they looked this close from Earth's vantage point was nearly 800 years ago, on March 4, 1226.

An astronomical event in which celestial bodies align is called a conjunction. Since this conjunction involves the two biggest gas giants in our solar system, it's known as the great conjunction. It happens to some degree once every two decades.

Aylin Woodward
·4 min read
telescope sky neowise
A man with a telescope watches the night sky over the San Gabriel Mountains National Monument in Los Angeles on July 19. David McNew/Getty
  • Jupiter and Saturn will align in the night sky on December 21. It'll be the closest they've appeared in 800 years.

  • The two planets move into alignment, or conjunction, every 20 years. But this year they will be so close that they'll look like a "double planet."

  • The last time Saturn and Jupiter were both this close and visible was in 1226.

  • Here are the best ways to see this conjunction.

  • Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories.

Jupiter and Saturn are about to line up perfectly in the night sky, getting so close on December 21 that they'll seem to touch.

The last time they looked this close from Earth's vantage point was nearly 800 years ago, on March 4, 1226.

An astronomical event in which celestial bodies align is called a conjunction. Since this conjunction involves the two biggest gas giants in our solar system, it's known as the great conjunction. It happens to some degree once every two decades.

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"But it is fair to say that this conjunction is truly exceptional in that the planets get very close to one another," Patrick Hartigan, a professor of physics and astronomy at Rice University, explained on his website.

He added, "In fact, they will be so close it may be a challenge to separate them with the unaided eye for many people."

Here's how to see this rare conjunction.

How to view a 'double planet'


On the night of the winter solstice, Jupiter and Saturn will be separated by a distance in the sky equal to about one-fifth of a full moon's diameter, according to Hartigan. They'll look like they form a double planet.

Of course, the two planets are much farther apart than that — more than four times the distance between Earth and the sun. But to the naked eye, they'll look like a single point of bright light.

If you peek through a small telescope, Jupiter and Saturn will appear in the same field of view, along with some of their moons.

But it will be challenging to see this conjunction in the United States, Canada, and Europe because of how low it will be on the horizon in the Northern Hemisphere, Hartigan said.

"Viewing conditions are best close to the equator, though no matter where you are there is maybe an hour or so to observe this conjunction before the planets sink into the haze," he added.

If you head out around twilight — the hour after sunset — and point your telescope toward the southwestern sky, you can spot the event, Hartigan said. (Websites like Stellarium can help you orient your telescope toward the planets' meeting point.)

"You will need to have a clear southwestern horizon and no low clouds in the distance," Hartigan said.

He recommended setting up your telescope before it gets fully dark and bringing binoculars.

If it ends up being cloudy where you are on the night of the solstice, don't worry, Hartigan said. The conjunction is an ongoing event from December 17 to 25 — December 21 is just when the two planets will be the closest in the sky.

Another conjunction like this will come in 2080

In the last 2,000 years, there were just two times that Jupiter and Saturn came closer in the sky than they'll get this year.

One of those was in 1623, but the sun's glare made it impossible to see.

But if you miss this upcoming rare conjunction, another will come in 60 years.

On March 15, 2080, Jupiter and Saturn will look just as close as they do this year. That event will be much easier to see because it'll take place higher above the horizon, Hartigan said.

"The major challenge there is you'll have to stay alive for another 60 years to see it!" he said.

Read the original article on Business Insider

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